What isolation precautions are necessary for a patient diagnosed with tuberculosis?

The correct approach for a patient diagnosed with tuberculosis involves airborne precautions with N95 masks. Tuberculosis (TB) is primarily a respiratory infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and it spreads via the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes, releasing tiny droplets that can remain suspended in the air for extended periods.

Airborne precautions are specifically designed to prevent the transmission of pathogens that are spread through the air. This includes the use of N95 respirators or higher-level masks to protect healthcare providers and other patients from inhaling infectious droplets. Additionally, patients with active tuberculosis should be placed in a negative pressure room to further minimize the risk of airborne transmission.

By employing airborne precautions, healthcare personnel can effectively reduce the risk of TB spreading in healthcare settings, protecting both themselves and other patients. Other precautions such as standard, droplet, and contact precautions do not adequately address the specific nature of airborne transmission associated with tuberculosis. Hence, airborne precautions are essential for managing the risk related to this infectious disease.